ANSI/ASTM D6340-1998 在水和堆肥环境中测定放射性同位素塑料氧化降解的方法

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【英文标准名称】:TestMethodsforDeterminingAerobicBiodegradationofRadiolabeledPlasticMaterialsinan(A)Aqueousor(B)CompostEnvironment
【原文标准名称】:在水和堆肥环境中测定放射性同位素塑料氧化降解的方法
【标准号】:ANSI/ASTMD6340-1998
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:1998
【实施或试行日期】:1999-02-10
【发布单位】:美国国家标准学会(US-ANSI)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:试验;堆肥处理(废弃物);污水;生物降解能力;塑料
【英文主题词】:plastics;testing;sewage;biodegradability;composting(waste)
【摘要】:Thesetestmethodsdirectlydeterminetherateanddegreeofbiologicaloxidationofcarboninplasticmaterialswhenplacedinacompostingenvironmentcontainingsimulatedmunicipalsolidwasteoranaqueousenvironmentunderlaboratoryconditions.TestMethodAutilizesamixedculturederivedfromthetargetenvironment(wastewater,sewagesludge,composteluant,andotherenvironmentalsources).Temperature,mixing,andaerationaremonitoredandcontrolled.Thismethodhasthesensitivitytodeterminebiodegradationatconcentrationscommonlyfoundintheseenvironments.TestMethodBstartswithfreshcompostandproceedsthroughthenormalcompostingprocesstoanearlymaturestage.Temperature,aeration;andmoisturearemonitoredandcontrolled.Thismethodcandeterminebiodegradationatlevelsoftheplasticcommonlyexpectedinmunicipalsolidwaste.Thesetestmethodsrequirethatthetargetcomponentoftheplasticmaterialbesynthesizedusingtheradioactiveisotopecarbon-14.Dependingupontheobjective,eitheraportionofthecomponentsoftheplasticorallofthecarboncanbeuniformlylabeledwithcarbon-14.Thetestmethodwilldeterminehowthatlabeledportionwillbemetabolizedandbiologicallyoxidizedbythemicroorganismsinthesystemtested.Thesetestmethodscanbeappliedtoanycarbon-14labeledcompoundaswellasforplasticmaterialsthathavebeenformulatedtobiodegradeinanaturalaerobicenvironment.Thesynthesisandpreparationoftheradiolabledplasticisbeyondthescopeofthesemethods.Carbon-14labeledpolymersmaybepurchasedfromanumberofcommerciallabs.TherearenoISOtestmethodsthatareequivalenttothetestmethodsinthisstandard.Thesafetyproblemsassociatedwithcompostandradioactivityarenotaddressedinthisstandard.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpractices.Itisalsoincumbentontheusertoconformtoalltheregulatoryrequirements,specificallythosethatrelatetotheuseofopenradioactivesources.Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:G31
【国际标准分类号】:13_030_40
【页数】:
【正文语种】:英语