NF V03-721-1994 粗粒小麦粉.粗粒粉粒度
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【英文标准名称】:Semolina{durum}wheat.Granulationofsemolina.
【原文标准名称】:粗粒小麦粉.粗粒粉粒度
【标准号】:NFV03-721-1994
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:法国
【发布日期】:1994-06-01
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:法国标准化协会(AFNOR)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:X11
【国际标准分类号】:67_060
【页数】:9P;A4
【正文语种】:其他
【原文标准名称】:粗粒小麦粉.粗粒粉粒度
【标准号】:NFV03-721-1994
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:法国
【发布日期】:1994-06-01
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:法国标准化协会(AFNOR)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:X11
【国际标准分类号】:67_060
【页数】:9P;A4
【正文语种】:其他
下载地址: 点击此处下载
基本信息
标准名称: | 小型组合冲模 宽120长方基础板 |
中标分类: | 航空、航天 >> 航空器与航天器制造用设备 >> 模具 |
ICS分类: | 机械制造 >> 无屑加工设备 >> 模制设备和铸造设备 |
发布日期: | 1983-08-25 |
实施日期: | 1983-09-01 |
首发日期: | |
作废日期: | |
出版日期: | |
页数: | 2页 |
适用范围
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前言
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目录
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引用标准
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所属分类: 航空 航天 航空器与航天器制造用设备 模具 机械制造 无屑加工设备 模制设备和铸造设备
【英文标准名称】:StandardPracticeforDosimetryinanX-Ray(Bremsstrahlung)FacilityforRadiationProcessing【原文标准名称】:辐射处理用X-射线(韧致辐射)设备的辐射量测定的标准规程
【标准号】:ASTMISO/ASTM51608-2005
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2005
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:E10.01
【标准类型】:(ISO/ASTM)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:absorbeddose;bremsstrahlung;dosedistribution;dosemapping;dosimeter;dosimetricprocedures;dosimetry;electronaccelerator;electronbeam;facilitycharacterization;ionizingradiation;irradiatorcharacterization;photon;radiation;radiationdosi
【摘要】:4.1AvarietyofproductsandmaterialsmaybeirradiatedwithX-radiationtomodifytheircharacteristicsandimprovetheeconomicvalueorforhealth-relatedpurposes.Examplesaresingle-usemedicaldevices(sterilization),agriculturalcommodities(preservation),andvariouspolymericproducts(materialmodification).DosimetryrequirementsforX-rayprocessingmayvarydependingonthetypeandenduseoftheproduct.4.2Dosimetersareusedasmeansofmonitoringtheradiationprocess.NOTE3-Dosimetryisrequiredforregulatedirradiationprocesses,suchasthesterilizationofmedicaldevicesandthepreservationoffood,becausetheresultsmayaffectthehealthoftheconsumer.Itislessimportantforotherindustrialprocesses,suchaspolymermodification,whichcanbeevaluatedbychangesinthephysicalpropertiesoftheirradiatedmaterials.Nevertheless,routinedosimetrymaybeusedtomonitorthereproducibilityofthetreatmentprocess.NOTE4-Itisnecessarytospecifythematerialinwhichradiationisabsorbed.Frequently,waterisselectedasthereferencematerialforthispurpose.Waterisaconvenientmediumtousebecauseitsradiationabsorptionandscatteringpropertiesareclosetothoseoftissueanditisuniversallyavailableandunderstood.Therequirementoftissueequivalencyhistoricallyoriginatedfromradiationtherapyapplications.AbsorbeddoseinmaterialsotherthanwatermaybedeterminedbyapplyingconversionfactorsinaccordancewithISO/ASTMGuide51261.4.3Radiationprocessingspecificationsusuallyincludeapairofabsorbed-doselimits:aminimumvaluetoensuretheintendedbeneficialeffectandamaximumvaluetoavoidproductdegradation.Foragivenapplication,oneorbothofthesevaluesmaybeprescribedbyprocessspecificationsorregulations.Knowledgeofthedosedistributionwithinirradiatedmaterialisessentialtomeettheserequirements.4.4Severalcriticalparametersmustbecontrolledtoobtainreproducibledosedistributionsintheprocessedmaterials.TheprocessingrateanddosedistributiondependontheX-rayintensity,photonenergyspectrum,spatialdistributionoftheradiationfield,conveyorspeed,andproductconfiguration(seeSections5,8,andAnnexA1).4.5Theirradiationprocessmustbequalifiedtodetermineitseffectivenessindeliveringknown,controllabledoses.Thisinvolvestestingtheprocessequipment,calibratingthemeasuringinstrumentsanddosimetrysystem,anddemonstratingtheabilityoftheprocesstodeliverdosedistributionsinareliableandreproduciblemanner(seeSections9and10).4.6Toensureconsistentdosedeliveryinaqualifiedirradiationprocess,routineprocesscontrolrequiresproceduresforroutineproductdosimetry,producthandlingbeforeandafterthetreatment,prescribedorientationoftheproductsduringirradiation,monitoringofcriticalprocessparameters,anddocumentationoftherequiredactivitiesandfunctions(seeSections11and12).1.1ThispracticeoutlinestheinstallationqualificationprogramforanX-ray(bremsstrahlung)irradiatorandthedosimetricprocedurestobefollowedduringoperationalqualification,performancequalificationandroutineprocessingtoensurethattheentireproducthasbeentreatedwithinapredeterminedrangeofabsorbeddose.Otherproceduresrelatedtooperationalqualification,performancequalificationandroutineprocessingthatmayinfluenceabsorbeddoseintheproductarealsodiscussed.InformationabouteffectiveorregulatorydoselimitsandenergylimitsforX-radiationisnotwithinthescopeofthispractice.1.2Incontrasttomonoenergeticgammaradiation,thebremsstrahlungenergyspectrumextendsfromlowvalues(about35keV)uptothemaximumenergyoftheelectronsincidentontheX-raytarget(seeSectionand).1.3Dosimetryisonlyonecomponentofatot......
【中国标准分类号】:
【国际标准分类号】:
【页数】:17P.;A4
【正文语种】: